A programming language that reasons from facts and rules.
Prolog is like a detective with a corkboard. Give it clues and rules, and it follows the string.
You meet it in expert systems and proof tools. It turns “we know” into “so this follows.”
Logic
Prolog is one of the classic languages for Logic.
Unification
Unification matches query variables with rules automatically.
Resolution
Resolution gives Prolog a base for automatic reasoning.
Expert System
Expert systems use this kind of rule reasoning to store knowledge.